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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'OMC et l'accès des pays en développement au marché agricole de l'Union Européenne : entre traitement spécial et différencié et statut particulier de l'agriculture</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The WTO and the access of developing countries to the EU agricultural market : between special and differential treatment and the special status of agriculture</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">OMC</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Accès aux marchés</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pays en développement</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pays les moins avancés</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Marché agricole européen</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Union européenne</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">PAC</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">PMA</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">ACP</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Traitement spécial et différencié</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Statut particulier de l'agriculture</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">TSD</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cycle de négociations de Doha</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cycle de développement</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">WTO</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">special and differential treatment (SDT)</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Agriculture of developing countries</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Aricultural trade</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">The access of developing countries to the remunerative market of the</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Least developed countries (LDCs)</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">ACP countries</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Agricultural market of the EU</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Doha Round negotiations</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Particular status of agriculture</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Access to agricultural markets in developed countries</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Development cycle.</dc:subject><tef:sujetRameau><tef:vedetteRameauCollectivite>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="032375824">Organisation mondiale du commerce </tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027460894">Produits agricoles -- Commerce</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027740188">Politique agricole -- Pays de l'Union européenne</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027455807">Politique agricole -- Pays en voie de développement</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’adoption par l’OMC de mesures de TSD utiles pour promouvoir l’agriculture des PED par le commerce agricole a favorisé l’accès des PED au marché rémunérateur de l’UE par des schémas multiples qui ne sont pas encore répartis équitablement entre les PED. Les préférences tarifaires de l’UE accordées aux PED figurent parmi les plus importants instruments de développement commercial utilisés par les pays développés. Cependant, l’effectivité des mesures de TSD reste relative à cause des limites inhérentes à leur contenu influencé par le statut particulier de l’agriculture à l’OMC. L’UE continue de bénéficier d’arrangements spéciaux et pratique un protectionnisme agricole très complexe et très décrié sur le plan externe. Les politiques commerciales, agricoles, sociales, environnementales et sécuritaires en vigueur dans le marché agricole européen neutralisent les efforts consentis par les PED, plus particulièrement les PMA et les pays ACP, pour exploiter les préférences. &#xD;
L’avenir de l’accès des PED au marché agricole de l’UE est actuellement lié à l’aboutissement incertain des négociations du Cycle Doha sur le TSD et l’agriculture. Les Conférences ministérielles de Bali (décembre 2013) et de Nairobi (décembre 2015) ont permis de mettre sur pied des accords partiels et a minima qui semblent maintenir le déséquilibre subtil entre un TSD peu contraignant et un statut particulier de l’agriculture toujours résistant à l’OMC, sans apporter une solution définitive au statu quo de l’accès des PED aux marchés agricoles des pays développés. Les enjeux et les perspectives de l’accès des PED au marché agricole de l’UE dépendent de la direction que prendront les travaux en cours pour répondre aux questions de développement et de libéralisation agricole dans le cadre d’un vrai cycle de développement.&#xD;
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The adoption by the WTO of special and differential treatment (SDT) measures that are useful for promoting the agriculture of developing countries through agricultural trade has favored the access of developing countries to the remunerative market of the EU through multiple schemes that are not yet evenly distributed between developing countries. EU tariff preferences for developing countries (DCs) are among the most important trade development instruments used by developed countries. However, the effectiveness of SDT measures remains relative because of the limitations inherent in their content influenced by the special status of agriculture in the WTO. The EU continues to benefit from special arrangements and practices agricultural protectionism that is very complex and highly criticized externally. The commercial, agricultural, social, environmental and security policies in force in the European agricultural market neutralize the efforts made by developing countries, in particular least developed countries (LDCs) and ACP countries, to exploit preferences.&#xD;
&#xD;
The future access of developing countries to the agricultural market of the EU is currently linked to the uncertain outcome of the Doha Round negotiations on SDT and agriculture. The Ministerial Conferences in Bali (December 2013) and Nairobi (December 2015) have led to the establishment of partial and minimum agreements that seem to maintain the subtle imbalance between a non-constraining SDT and a particular status of agriculture that is still resistant to The WTO without providing a definitive solution to the status quo of DCs access to agricultural markets in developed countries. The challenges and prospects of developing countries' access to the EU agricultural market depend on the direction of work in progress to address agricultural development and liberalization issues within a real development cycle.&#xD;
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