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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Intérêt de la mesure par NGS (Nouvelle Génération de Séquençage) de l’ADN libre circulant dérivé du donneur dans le diagnostic du rejet de greffe cardiaque</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Interest of NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) measurement of donor-derived cell-free DNA in the diagnosis of heart transplant rejection</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Biomarqueur</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Transplantation cardiaque</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rejet aigu de greffe</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">ADN libre circulant</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Donneur</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Biopsie</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle génération de séquençage</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diagnostic</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Test non invasif</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Surveillance</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Traitement</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biomarker</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heart Transplantation</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Acute Allograft Rejection</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cell-free DNA</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Donor</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biopsy</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Next-Generation Sequencing</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diagnosis</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Non-invasive testing</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Monitoring</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Treatment</dc:subject><tef:sujetRameau><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027270696">Coeur‎--Transplantation </tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027859738">Rejet de greffe </tef:elementdEntree><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeSujet" autoriteExterne="027357236">Dépistage</tef:subdivision>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027653005">Diagnostic non invasif </tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027623106">Marqueurs biologiques‎</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027652963">ADN</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">En transplantation cardiaque, la survenue d’un rejet aigu est une cause majeure de dysfonctionnement du greffon. Les symptômes peuvent se développer tardivement, d’où le besoin d’un dépistage systématique du rejet. Le diagnostic de rejet nécessite d’avoir recours à la biopsie endomyocardique, gold-standard permettant d’objectiver des lésions histologiques du coeur. Cette surveillance par biopsies effectuées à des intervalles réguliers, demeure néanmoins inconfortable pour le patient et comporte des risques de complications liées à la procédure. Ces limitations ont motivé le développement de tests non invasifs pour la surveillance du rejet aigu de greffe cardiaque. Ainsi, l’ADN libre circulant dérivé du donneur (dd-cfDNA), mesuré à partir d’un prélèvement par ponction veineuse au pli du coude, est un examen non invasif prometteur pour détecter une souffrance cellulaire du greffon. Il existe un niveau basal faible d’ADN libre circulant, qui augmente lors d’une souffrance tissulaire cardiaque, telle que le rejet de greffe. A travers une revue de l’état actuel de la recherche, l’objectif de ce travail est de présenter une approche innovante qui permettrait de quantifier l’ADN libre circulant, dérivé du donneur, afin de surveiller l’intégrité du greffon chez les patients transplantés cardiaques. Une cinquantaine de publications ont été étudiées, de 2011 à 2021, à l’aide de la base de données bibliographiques PubMed et des mots clés « cell free DNA », « heart transplant », « rejection». L'utilisation de méthodes de séquençage de nouvelle génération (NGS) pour détecter les polymorphismes mononucléotidiques (SNP) a permis une quantification rapide du dd-cfDNA, différenciant ADN du donneur et du receveur, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de procéder à un génotypage préalable. Les résultats des études ont montré que les niveaux de dd-cfDNA sont significativement plus élevés chez les transplantés cardiaques présentant un rejet aigu et peuvent être détectés avant le diagnostic clinique du rejet et le diagnostic histologique sur la biopsie endomyocardique. Avec une performance diagnostique globale favorable pour la détection du rejet et une valeur prédictive négative élevée, le dd-cfDNA pourrait être particulièrement utile pour exclure le rejet et ainsi limiter les biopsies systématiques du dépistage de routine. En conclusion, le dd-cfDNA, biomarqueur non invasif, permettrait de faciliter le diagnostic et le traitement précoce du rejet, afin de prévenir la survenue de rejets sévères et améliorer la survie du greffon.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In heart transplantation, the occurrence of acute rejection is a major cause of graft dysfunction. Symptoms may develop later, so there is a need for systematic monitoring of rejection. The diagnosis of rejection requires the use of endomyocardial biopsy, gold-standard for the detection of cardiac histological lesions. However, this monitoring by biopsies performed at regular intervals remains uncomfortable for the patient and carries risk of complications related to the procedure. These limitations led to the development of non-invasive tests for monitoring acute cardiac transplant rejection. Circulating free donor-derived DNA (dd-cfDNA), measured from a venipuncture sample taken from the elbow, is a promising non-invasive test for detecting graft cell injury. There is a baseline level of circulating free DNA, which increases during cardiac tissue injury, such as graft rejection. Through a review of the current state of research, the objective of this work is to present an innovative approach that would allow the quantification of circulating free DNA, derived from the donor, to monitor the integrity of the graft in heart transplant patients.
About 50 publications were studied, from 2011 to 2021, using the PubMed bibliographic database and the key words "cell free DNA", "heart transplant", "rejection". The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) allowed rapid quantification of dd-cfDNA, differentiating donor and recipient DNA, without the need for prior genotyping. Study results showed that dd-cfDNA levels are significantly higher in heart transplant recipients with acute rejection and can be detected before clinical diagnosis of rejection and histological diagnosis on endomyocardial biopsy. With a favorable overall diagnostic performance for the detection of rejection and a high negative predictive value, dd-cfDNA may be particularly useful for excluding rejection and thus limiting routine screening biopsies. To conclude, dd-cfDNA, a non-invasive biomarker, could facilitate the diagnosis and early treatment of rejection, in order to prevent the occurrence of severe rejection and improve graft survival.</dcterms:abstract>
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       <tef:nom>Duclaut</tef:nom>
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