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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Intégration de multiples approches omiques pour améliorer la prise en charge des patients atteints de cancer pédiatrique</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Multi-omics strategies to improve clinical management of children and adolescents with cancer</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">cancer</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">pédiatrie</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">multi-omiques</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">génétique</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">diagnostic</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">thérapie</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">cancer</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">pediatrics</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">multi-omics</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">genetics</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">diagnosis</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">therapy</dc:subject>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="03334342X">Cancérologie pédiatrique</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027368815">Enfants cancéreux</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les cancers pédiatriques sont des pathologies complexes, représentant la première cause de mortalité par maladie chez les enfants âgés de 1 à 14 ans, et ce malgré les progrès thérapeutiques de ces dernières années. Une meilleure connaissance de la biologie et de l'origine génétique de ces tumeurs permettrait d'améliorer la prise en charge des enfants et des adolescents atteints de cancer. L'implémentation des technologies de séquençage haut-débit a permis des avancées considérables dans la compréhension, le diagnostic et le traitement des pathologies tumorales chez l’adulte, mais restent encore sous-exploitée en pédiatrie. Ainsi, les objectifs de ma thèse ont été de développer des stratégies pour faciliter l'identification des facteurs génétiques impliqués dans l'étiologie des cancers pédiatriques et de caractériser les voies de signalisation majeures de la tumorigenèse, afin d'explorer de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques possibles. Pour répondre à ces problématiques, l'analyse de multiples données omiques de patients atteints de divers types histologiques de cancers pédiatriques, provenant de diverses cohortes privées ou publiques, m'a permis (1) d'améliorer leur diagnostic moléculaire, en développant une approche intégrant des données génomiques et cliniques de patients dans le cadre du projet national Exome Cancer Rare de l'Enfant (ExoCaRE) ; (2) de mieux appréhender la biologie de ces tumeurs grâce à la mise en évidence de clusters de gènes spécifiques à des types histologiques de cancer, incluant des gènes clés impliqués dans le développement et la tumorigenèse pédiatrique ; et (3) d'identifier de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques pour les patients atteints de médulloblastome, en étudiant l'adéquation des profils moléculaires de sous- groupes de tumeurs avec des réponses pharmacologiques de composés anti-cancer. Ces travaux de thèse proposent des stratégies multi-omiques innovantes pour améliorer notre compréhension de la biologie des tumeurs pédiatriques et montrent leur potentiel pour faciliter la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique des enfants et des adolescents atteints de cancer.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Pediatric cancers are complex disorders that represent the leading cause of death by disease among children aged between 1 to 14 years, despite continued therapeutic improvement. A better understanding of the biology and the genetic origin of these tumors would improve clinical management of children and adolescents with cancer. The implementation of next generation sequencing technologies has led to greater knowledge, improved diagnosis and better treatment of cancers in adults. However, such methodologies remain under-exploited in pediatrics. In this context, the main goals of the present work were to develop novel strategies to help identifying genetic factors involved in the etiology of pediatric cancers, to characterize the signaling pathways taking part in tumorigenesis, and to discover novel therapeutic targets. To answer those multiple challenges, the analysis of multi-omics data in public and private pediatric pan-cancer cohorts allowed me to (1) improve their molecular diagnosis by developing an integrative approach combining genomics and clinical data of patients recruited in the national project Exome Cancer Rare de l'Enfant (ExoCaRE); (2) enhance our understanding of these tumors' biology by highlighting clusters of genes specifically associated with cancer histotypes, that included hub genes known to play role in development and to predispose to pediatric cancer; and (3) identify novel therapeutic targets for patients with medulloblastoma, by studying the relationships between molecular profiles of tumor subgroups and pharmacological responses to anticancer treatments. The results obtained in this thesis offer innovating multi-omics approaches to better understand the biology of pediatric cancers and emphasize their potentials to provide better care for children and adolescents with cancer.</dcterms:abstract>
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