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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation du gène codant pour l'inosine 5' monophosphate déshydrogénase de Pneumocystis jirovecii</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Characterization of the gene encoding of 5' monophosphate dehydrogenase in Pneumocytstis jirovecii</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pneumocystis jirovecii</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">mycophénolate mofétil</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">acide mycophénolique</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">IMPDH</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">transplantés</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pneumocystis jirovecii</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">mycophenolate mofetil</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">mycophenolic acid</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">IMPDH</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">transplant recipient</dc:subject><tef:sujetRameau><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="03367499X">Pneumocystose </tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027859738">Greffe (chirurgie)‎--Rejet </tef:elementdEntree><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeSujet" autoriteExterne="027589838">Thérapeutique</tef:subdivision>
					</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="055297803">Mycophénolate mofétil</tef:elementdEntree>
					</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="079178839">Inosine monophosphate déshydrogénase</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) est un micromycète responsable de la pneumonie à Pneumocystis (PPC) chez les patients immunodéprimés. L’incidence de la PPC est en augmentation chez les patients transplantés. Le traitement anti-rejet par mycophénolate mofétil (MMF) pourrait être un facteur de risque de PPC. Le MMF inhibe l’IMPDH, enzyme qui permet la prolifération des lymphocytes. Le MMF a aussi un effet antifongique mais son action sur P. jirovecii est discutée. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié le gène de l’IMPDH de P. jirovecii chez 8 patients transplantés traités par MMF et 10 patients non traités par MMF. Neuf polymorphismes ont été identifiés. Une mutation faux-sens, Ala261Thr, n’a été identifiée que chez les patients transplantés et est analogue à celles décrites chez des champignons résistants à l’acide mycophénolique. Les patients transplantés traités par MMF ont développé une PPC due à une ou des souche(s) de P. jirovecii potentiellement résistante(s) au MMF. </dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) is a micromycete that causes Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients. PCP incidence is increasing in transplant recipients. Immunosuppression induced by mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) may be a risk factor for PCP. MMF inhibits IMPDH, an enzyme that plays a role in lymphocyte proliferation. MMF has also an antifungal effect but its effect against P. jirovecii is controversial. In this context, we studied P. jirovecii IMPDH gene sequences from 8 transplant recipients treated with MMF and 10 patients not treated with MMF. Nine nucleotide polymorphisms were identified. A missense mutation Ala261Thr was identified only in transplant recipients. This mutation is analogous to those identified in fungi resistant to mycophenolic acid. Thus, transplant recipients treated with MMF developed PCP due to P. jirovecii strain(s) which are potentially MMF-resistant</dcterms:abstract>
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       <tef:nom>Hoffmann</tef:nom>
       <tef:prenom>Claire</tef:prenom>
       
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