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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Maladie parodontale, microbiote et fer</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Periodontal disease, microbiota and iron</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">parodontite</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">microbiote</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">hémochromatose</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Porphyromonas gingivalis</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">transferrine</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">modèles animaux</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">periodontitis</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">microbiota</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">haemochromatosis</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">Porphyromonas gingivalis</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">transferrin</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">animal models</dc:subject><tef:sujetRameau><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="171979028">Parodontite</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="129822507">Hémochromatoses</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="031375251">Transferrine</tef:elementdEntree>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="152403221">Microflore</tef:elementdEntree>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans la cavité buccale, la santé parodontale repose sur un équilibre entre la communauté bactérienne sous-gingivale et la fonction immunitaire de l’hôte, toutes deux compatibles avec un état sain. Le modèle pathophysiologique actuel de la parodontite chronique montre un cercle vicieux entre un microbiote dysbiotique et une dérégulation de la réponse inflammatoire. Alors qu’un nombre croissant d’associations entre maladie parodontale et pathologie systémique sont rapportées, ce travail décrit comment une maladie génétique de surcharge en fer — l’hémochromatose héréditaire liée au gène HFE — est susceptible d’influencer l’équilibre hôte–microbiote au sein du sillon sous-gingival. Les études transversales, clinique et microbiologique, que nous avons menées, ont ainsi montré un impact du coefficient de saturation de la transferrine sur la sévérité de la parodontite, probablement en lien avec la sélection d’espèces pathogènes pour le parodonte. Cependant, l’analyse morphométrique du modèle murin de l’hémochromatose héréditaire Hfe(–/–) a révélé des altérations de la micro-architecture de l’os alvéolaire mandibulaire, suggérant un dérèglement du remodelage osseux. Un croisement entre deux modèles animaux, parodontite induite par Porphyromonas gingivalis et Hfe(–/–), a donc été mis en œuvre, afin d’explorer les mécanismes de cette association entre excès de fer, dysbiose bactérienne et parodontite.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In the oral cavity, periodontal health relies on a balance between the subgingival bacterial community and the host’s immune function. The current pathophysiological model of chronic periodontitis shows a negative feedback loop that implies a dysbiotic microbiota and a dysregulation of the inflammatory response. As an increasing number of associations between the periodontal disease and systemic conditions are reported, this work describes how a genetic iron overload disease — HFE-related hereditary haemochromatosis — is likely to influence the host–microbiota interactions within the subgingival sulcus. We conducted clinical and microbiological cross-sectional studies, that showed transferrin saturation coefficient having an impact on the severity of periodontitis, probably related to the promotion of periodontal pathogenic species. However, morphometric analysis of the murine model for hereditary haemochromatosis Hfe(–/–) revealed alterations in the mandibular alveolar bone micro-architecture, suggesting a disruption of bone remodeling. A mixed animal model, with Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis and Hfe(–/–) mice, was therefore performed, in order to explore the underlying mechanisms of the relationships between iron excess, bacterial dysbiosis, and periodontitis.</dcterms:abstract>
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       <tef:nom>Boyer</tef:nom>
       <tef:prenom>Émile</tef:prenom>
       
       <tef:dateNaissance>1988-09-05</tef:dateNaissance>
       <tef:nationalite scheme="ISO-3166-1">FR</tef:nationalite>
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                        <dc:identifier xsi:type="tef:NNT">2019REN1B054</dc:identifier>
                        <dc:identifier xsi:type="tef:nationalThesisPID">http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B054</dc:identifier>
                        <dcterms:dateAccepted xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">2019-12-09</dcterms:dateAccepted>
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                            <tef:thesis.degree.discipline xml:lang="fr">Sciences odontologiques</tef:thesis.degree.discipline>
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