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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Vaccin préventif anti-VIH, un but à notre portée ?</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Are we just about to find an HIV prophylactic vaccine ?</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">VIH </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">vaccin prophylactique</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">défense immunitaire </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">études cliniques </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">vaccin à vecteur recombinant </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">vaccin protéique  </dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">HIV </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">prophylactic vaccine </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">immune defenses </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">clinical trial </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">recombinant vector vaccine </dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">proteic vaccine</dc:subject>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les progrès thérapeutiques de lutte contre le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine ont permis de sauver des milliers de vies. Malgré cela, la conception d’un vaccin efficace contre le VIH, demeure une priorité de santé publique. La publication du premier essai vaccinal anti-VIH de phase 3 a notamment fait naître de nouveaux espoirs. L’importance des cellules T mémoires dans la protection a été clairement démontrée, de nouveaux corrélats de protection ont été identifiés et de nouveaux anticorps neutralisants contre le VIH sont à l’essai. Au-delà des généralités sur le VIH et les défenses immunitaires impliquées dans sa lutte, nous explorerons dans cette thèse, les difficultés rencontrées dans la conception d’un vaccin anti-VIH, les principales études cliniques ayant abouties aux phases IIb et III et enfin le dernier concept de vaccination préventive actuellement à l’essai.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Therapeutic advances in the fight of HIV have saved thousand lives. However, the development of an effective HIV vaccine remains a public health priority. The publication of the first HIV vaccine phase 3 trial raised new hopes. T cells memory have demonstrated an important role in protection, new correlates of protection have been identified and new neutralizing antibodies are being tested. Beyond HIV generalities and the immune defenses involved in its fight, we will explore in this thesis the difficulties encountered in the design of an HIV vaccine, the main clinical studies that have reached phases IIb and III and finally the last preventive vaccine concept currently being tested.</dcterms:abstract>
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