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     <dc:title xml:lang="fr">Analyse intégrative des ARN longs non-codants chez le chien et leurs implications dans le mélanome oral canin, modèle des mélanomes humains</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Integrative analysis of long non-coding RNAs in dogs and their implications in canine oral melanoma, human melanoma model</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">lncRNA</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">chien</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">RNA-seq</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">transcriptome</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">génomique comparative</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">élément
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les ARN longs non-codants (lncRNAs) constituent une famille d'ARN hétérogènes qui jouent un rôle majeur dans de nombreux cancers et notamment dans les mélanomes. Le chien est un modèle naturel et spontané pour l’analyse génétique comparée des cancers et, l'annotation du génome canin a récemment été enrichie avec l'identification de plus 10 000 lncRNAs. Afin de réaliser des prédictions fonctionnelles bioinformatiques des lncRNAs, nous avons caractérisé les profils d'expression des lncRNAs canins à partir de 26 tissus distincts. Nous avons défini la spécificité tissulaire de l’expression des lncRNAs et inféré leur fonctionnalité potentielle par des analyses de génomique et de transcriptomique comparatives avec des données humaines issues du projet ENCODE (ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements). Comme chez l'homme et la souris, une grande proportion de lncRNAs canins (44 %) est exprimée de manière spécifique au sein d’un tissu. Par une approche de génomique comparative, nous avons identifié plus de 900 lncRNAs orthologues entre l’homme et le chien et pour 26 % d’entre eux, des patrons d'expression entre tissus significativement conservés (p &lt; 0,05). Dans le cadre de l'étude des mélanomes canins, nous avons analysé les données de RNA-seq de 52 échantillons tumeurs/contrôles de mélanomes oraux. Nous avons identifié plus de 750 lncRNAs différentiellement exprimés entre la tumeur et le contrôle (FDR &lt; 0,01), dont plus de 100 conservés avec l’homme. Ces lncRNAs constituent de bons candidats pour étudier la régulation de la progression tumorale des mélanomes chez le chien et pourront être évalués pour leurs potentiels diagnostic et thérapeutique en médecine humaine et vétérinaire.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a family of heterogeneous RNAs that play a major role in many cancers, particularly in melanomas. The dog is a natural and spontaneous model for the comparative genetic analysis of cancers and, the annotation of the canine genome has recently been enriched with the identification of over 10,000 lncRNAs. In order to perform functional bioinformatic predictions of lncRNAs, we have characterized the expression patterns of canine lncRNAs from 26 distinct tissues representative of the major functions of the organism. We defined the tissue specificity of lncRNAs expression and inferred their potential functionality by comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses with human data from the ENCODE project (ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements). As in humans and mice, we show that a large proportion of canine lncRNAs (44%) are expressed specifically within a tissue. Using a comparative genomic approach, we have identified more than 900 orthologue lncRNAs between humans and dogs, and we show that for 26% of them, tissue expression patterns are also significantly conserved (p &lt; 0.05). In the study of canine melanomas, we investigated the lncRNAs from RNA-seq data from 52 tumour/control samples of oral melanoma. We identified more than 750lncRNAs differentially expressed between tumour and control (FDR &lt; 0.01), of which more than 100 were conserved with humans. These lncRNAs are good candidates to study the regulation of tumour progression of melanomas in dogs and can be evaluated for their diagnostic and therapeutic potential in human and veterinary medicine.</dcterms:abstract>
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