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     <dc:title xml:lang="en">Engineering the near field of radiating systems at millimeter waves : from theory to applications</dc:title>
     <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Manipulation du champ proche des systèmes rayonnants en ondes millimétriques : théorie et applications</dcterms:alternative>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="fr">champ proche</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">focalisation</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">formation du champ proche</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">méthodes d’optimisation</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">optimisation convexe</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">imagerie du cancer du sein</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">antennes à fentes radiales</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">métasurface</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">antennes planes</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="fr">ouvertures rayonnantes</dc:subject>
     <dc:subject xml:lang="en">near field</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">focusing</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">near-field shaping</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">optimization techniques</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">convex optimization</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">breast-cancer imaging</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">RLSA antennas</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">metasurface</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">planar antennas</dc:subject><dc:subject xml:lang="en">aperture antennas</dc:subject><tef:sujetRameau><tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="15888437X">Communication en champ proche</tef:elementdEntree><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeForme" autoriteExterne="027253139">Thèses et écrits académiques</tef:subdivision>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="02735962X">Antennes (électronique)</tef:elementdEntree><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeForme" autoriteExterne="027253139">Thèses et écrits académiques</tef:subdivision>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="027248585">Sein -- Cancer</tef:elementdEntree><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeSujet" autoriteExterne="02946403X">Imagerie</tef:subdivision><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeForme" autoriteExterne="027253139">Thèses et écrits académiques</tef:subdivision>
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						<tef:elementdEntree autoriteSource="Sudoc" autoriteExterne="121018857">Optimisation convexe</tef:elementdEntree><tef:subdivision autoriteSource="Sudoc" type="subdivisionDeForme" autoriteExterne="027253139">Thèses et écrits académiques</tef:subdivision>
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     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L'objectif général est de développer un nouvel outil numérique dédié à la focalisation en 3D de l'énergie en zone de champ très proche par un système antennaire. Cet outil permettra de définir la distribution spatiale complexe des champs dans l'ouverture rayonnante afin de focaliser l'énergie sur un volume quelconque en zone de champ réactif. L'hybridation de cet outil avec un code de calcul dédié à l'analyse rapide d‘antennes SIW par la méthode des moments permettra de synthétiser une antenne SIW ad-hoc. Les structures antennaires sélectionnées seront planaires comme par exemple les antennes RLSA (Radial Line Slot Array). Les dimensions de l'antenne (positions, dimensions et nombre de fentes) seront définies à l'aide des outils décrits ci-dessus. Les résultats numériques ainsi obtenus seront validés d'abord numériquement par analyse électromagnétique globale à l'aide de simulateurs commerciaux, puis expérimentalement en ondes millimétriques (mesure en zone de champ très proche). Pour atteindre ces objectifs, nous avons défini quatre tâches principales : Développement d'un outil de synthèse de champ dans l'ouverture rayonnante (formulation théorique couplée à une méthode dite des projections alternées) ; développement d'un outil de calcul rapide (sur la base de traitements par FFT) du champ électromagnétique rayonné en zone de champ proche par une ouverture rayonnante, et retro-propagation ; hybridation de ces algorithmes avec un code de calcul (méthode des moments) en cours de développement à l'IETR et dédié à l'analyse très rapide d'antennes en technologie SIW ; conception d'une preuve ou plusieurs preuves de concept, et validations numérique et expérimentale des concepts proposés.</dcterms:abstract>
     <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">With the demand for near-field antennas continuously growing, the antenna engineer is charged with the development of new concepts and design procedures for this regime. From the microwave and up to terahertz frequencies, a vast number of applications, especially in the biomedical domain, are in need for focused or shaped fields in the antenna proximity. This work proposes new theoretical methods for near-field shaping based on different optimization schemes. Continuous radiating planar apertures are optimized to radiate a near field with required characteristics. In particular, a versatile optimization technique based on the alternating projection scheme is proposed. It is demonstrated that, based on this scheme, it is feasible to achieve 3-D control of focal spots generated by planar apertures. Additionally, with the same setup, also the vectorial problem (shaping the norm of the field) is addressed. Convex optimization is additionally introduced for near-field shaping of continuous aperture sources. The capabilities of this scheme are demonstrated in the context of different shaping scenarios. Additionally, the discussion is extended to shaping the field in lossy stratified media, based on a spectral Green's functions approach. Besides, the biomedical applications of wireless power transfer to implants and breast cancer imaging are addressed. For the latter, an extensive study is included here, which delivers an outstanding improvement on the penetration depth at higher frequencies. The thesis is completed by several prototypes used for validation. Four different antennas have been designed, based either on the radial line slot array topology or on metasurfaces. The prototypes have been manufactured and measured, validating the overall approach of the thesis.</dcterms:abstract>
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